Diabetes is due to the role of insulin secretion or insulin caused by absolute or relative shortage of high blood sugar as the main features of the metabolic syndrome. Currently, it has become a serious impact on people's physical and mental health, second only to cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, the third category of disease. Diabetes are often accompanied by atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes and kidney disease, eye disease, complications such as neuropathy. These complications to human health posed a great danger, seriously affecting people's quality of life, therefore, the treatment of diabetes, complications of diabetes can not be ignored.
Diabetes can lead to many complications, the most common complications of the digestive system is diarrhea. Is generally believed that diabetic diarrhea is a relatively rare, but according to statistics, the incidence rate of 16.7%. Most of intermittent diarrhea, and a small number of continuous, multi-occur in the daytime, only a small number of patients with diarrhea during the night. Diabetic diarrhea is a kind of intractable diarrhea, severe cases, stool samples were emitted in one day as many as 10 to 20 times, often without abdominal pain, bowel inflammation nor conventional performance tests. Often intermittent diarrhea, alternating with constipation, and its pathogenesis may be related to metabolism and vascular lesions caused by diabetic autonomic neuropathy related. Patients should pay more attention to diet should be used less oil, less residue, high protein, high vitamin semi-liquid or soft food,, avoid alcohol, eat spicy food, such as a hard fruit.
If poorly controlled diabetes, patients most likely to occur in the eye of the complications is diabetic retinopathy and diabetic cataract. Diabetes-induced cataract in diabetic patients because of the aqueous humor was significantly higher sugar content and the proliferation of penetration into the crystal, so that crystal was hypertonic state, absorbing moisture, fiber swelling, loss of transparency, the formation of diabetic cataract. Diabetic cataract clinically divided into two types of diabetic patients with senile cortical cataracts, but the incidence of diabetic cataract in advance to make it, and the other is true diabetic cataract, diabetic patients were seen primarily in adolescents, the incidence of 10% about. According to statistical analysis, in China there are about more than 4000 million people with diabetes, about 30% of patients with diabetic retinopathy, of which 1.2% each year may develop into blind patients. In such conditions, many years ago, on the Yangtze River and the State Pharmaceutical Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute of Tianjin to develop drugs specifically for the prevention and treatment of complications of diabetes drugs, "Lin Tang" (epalrestat film), this drug is the first of aldose reductase inhibitors, filled a diabetic neuropathy and microvascular disease treatment gaps in the field, became the first new drug for the treatment of diabetic complications.
The prevention of diabetic diarrhea, diabetic retinopathy and cataract, the key to the positive treatment of diabetes, controlling blood sugar. Therefore patients should actively cooperate with the doctors, diet, paying particular attention to low-sugar diet, adequate exercise, regular monitoring of blood glucose, in the doctors under the guidance of the rational use of drugs.
2009/04/25
High blood sugar what the human body against
High blood sugar status of the major hazards to human performance in the following areas:
(1) has a diuretic effect. A state of high blood sugar, kidney shape of the original sugar content of urine increased, the patient kidney tubular solute concentration of glucose increased the formation of hyperosmolar diuresis, renal tubular absorption of water to reduce the volume of patients increased, the body can cause severe dehydration and even coma.
(2) loss of body electrolytes. With the large number of urine from the body also from the electrolyte.
(3) so that β-cell function are affected. Insulin by the pancreatic β-cell secretion. A state of high blood sugar, blood glucose concentrations increased as a result of stimulating the pancreatic β-cell secretion of insulin, but a long period of stimulation, pancreatic β-cell long-term exposure to high glucose environment, can have a β-cell depletion and loss of sensitive state, and even allows pancreatic β - cell failure.
(1) has a diuretic effect. A state of high blood sugar, kidney shape of the original sugar content of urine increased, the patient kidney tubular solute concentration of glucose increased the formation of hyperosmolar diuresis, renal tubular absorption of water to reduce the volume of patients increased, the body can cause severe dehydration and even coma.
(2) loss of body electrolytes. With the large number of urine from the body also from the electrolyte.
(3) so that β-cell function are affected. Insulin by the pancreatic β-cell secretion. A state of high blood sugar, blood glucose concentrations increased as a result of stimulating the pancreatic β-cell secretion of insulin, but a long period of stimulation, pancreatic β-cell long-term exposure to high glucose environment, can have a β-cell depletion and loss of sensitive state, and even allows pancreatic β - cell failure.
What is Diabetic Nephropathy?
Diabetic nephropathy refers to diabetic glomerulosclerosis, a glomerular vascular damage-based diseases. More than early asymptomatic, may be normal or high blood pressure. Measured by radioimmunoassay urinary albumin excretion> 200 micrograms / min, this period is called occult renal disease, or kidney disease early. If the positive control of hypertension and high blood sugar, is expected to improve lesion. If poorly controlled, with the progress of disease could be developed for clinical diabetic nephropathy, when the clinical manifestations can be the following:
1, proteinuria
Started as a result of increased glomerular filtration pressure and filtration membrane charge changes, urine microalbuminuria only there for the selective proteinuria, there is no increased globulin, sustainable for many years in this state. Glomerular basement membrane as the filter holes increased macromolecular substances can occur through non-selective and clinical proteinuria, with the further development of lesions, urinary protein gradually become severe persistent proteinuria, if more than 3 grams of urinary protein / day, the signs of poor prognosis. Proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy the severity of the mostly sexual development until emergence of nephrotic syndrome.
2, edema
Patients with early diabetic nephropathy in general there is no swelling, a small number of patients with lower plasma protein in the former, may have mild swelling, when the 24-hour urinary protein more than 3 grams, the swelling will appear. Obvious systemic edema, found only in the rapid development of diabetic nephropathy are.
3, high blood pressure
High blood pressure in patients with diabetic nephropathy in common. More serious kidney disease with hypertension, and high blood pressure can accelerate the progress of diabetic nephropathy and deterioration. Therefore, effective control of hypertension is very important.
4, renal insufficiency
Once diabetic nephropathy, the process is carried out in nature, azotemia, uremia is the ultimate outcome.
5, Anemia
Marked azotemia of diabetes patients may have mild to moderate anemia, with iron therapy. Anemia due to erythropoietin barriers may limit the protein diet and long-term, azotemia related.
6, other symptoms
Retinopathy nephropathy is not performance, but often at the same time the existence of diabetic nephropathy. Some people even think that, no diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy could not exist.
1, proteinuria
Started as a result of increased glomerular filtration pressure and filtration membrane charge changes, urine microalbuminuria only there for the selective proteinuria, there is no increased globulin, sustainable for many years in this state. Glomerular basement membrane as the filter holes increased macromolecular substances can occur through non-selective and clinical proteinuria, with the further development of lesions, urinary protein gradually become severe persistent proteinuria, if more than 3 grams of urinary protein / day, the signs of poor prognosis. Proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy the severity of the mostly sexual development until emergence of nephrotic syndrome.
2, edema
Patients with early diabetic nephropathy in general there is no swelling, a small number of patients with lower plasma protein in the former, may have mild swelling, when the 24-hour urinary protein more than 3 grams, the swelling will appear. Obvious systemic edema, found only in the rapid development of diabetic nephropathy are.
3, high blood pressure
High blood pressure in patients with diabetic nephropathy in common. More serious kidney disease with hypertension, and high blood pressure can accelerate the progress of diabetic nephropathy and deterioration. Therefore, effective control of hypertension is very important.
4, renal insufficiency
Once diabetic nephropathy, the process is carried out in nature, azotemia, uremia is the ultimate outcome.
5, Anemia
Marked azotemia of diabetes patients may have mild to moderate anemia, with iron therapy. Anemia due to erythropoietin barriers may limit the protein diet and long-term, azotemia related.
6, other symptoms
Retinopathy nephropathy is not performance, but often at the same time the existence of diabetic nephropathy. Some people even think that, no diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy could not exist.
How to avoid the occurrence of type 2 diabetes
The occurrence of type 2 diabetes and type 1 diabetes are similar, and this is the body's ability to clear glucose, but type 2 diabetes and type 1 diabetes mellitus and different places, that is, patients with type 1 diabetes produce insulin, the body's ability to complete loss of , and patients with type 2 diabetes can be a number of insulin secretion, but these would not be sufficient in quantity of insulin to enable glucose to maintain normal physiological range of insulin or can not fully play its role in lowering blood glucose, the so-called insulin resistance. At present, experts believe that the prevention of type 2 diabetes occurred in sports, as well as the best way to lose weight.
If you are 'apple-type' body weight on the most effective. The full amount of research shows that people who maintain weight, the occurrence of the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus minimum. Occur in patients with type 2 diabetes in 50-75% for obesity, obesity occurs so that the risk of type 2 diabetes increased by 10 times. Although researchers are not very clear why the occurrence of weight gain can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, but, after weight loss in type 2 diabetes prevention and control is self-evident. However, not only because of the occurrence of diabetes caused by weight gain, if your weight has not increased significantly, but too much abdominal fat accumulation, so that you become the 'apple-type' body, then you happened the risk of type 2 diabetes is also than those who were 'pear-shaped' body of people. Therefore, the site of fat accumulation is also a risk factor for diabetes, weight reduction is equally important to you.
Movement. The researchers found that in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients between 30-50% of patients because of too small a result of sports, sports can significantly reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. And sport can also help you lose weight. In addition, a small amount of exercise a person risk of type 2 diabetes than those who exercise great 25% -40%. So, what kind of campaign more effective? The answer is no sport will be effective, such as walking, dancing, trim gardens, bowling and so has the effect of diabetes prevention, but as long as you adhere to the law of sport.
Diet. The study found that the following food to prevent type 2 diabetes have a role:
Cr. The study found that taking 200 mg of chromium a day can significantly reduce blood glucose levels. Chromium has delaying the occurrence of type 2 diabetes, but, chromium does not make patients with type 2 diabetes lower blood sugar levels to normal completely, and the role of chromium will be extended over time and gradually weakened.
Antioxidant food. The study found that antioxidant food, such as vitamin E, C more food can be slow the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and development. Fruits, vegetables can also reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, and this type of food and also to reduce the effect of the occurrence of cardiovascular disease.
If you are 'apple-type' body weight on the most effective. The full amount of research shows that people who maintain weight, the occurrence of the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus minimum. Occur in patients with type 2 diabetes in 50-75% for obesity, obesity occurs so that the risk of type 2 diabetes increased by 10 times. Although researchers are not very clear why the occurrence of weight gain can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, but, after weight loss in type 2 diabetes prevention and control is self-evident. However, not only because of the occurrence of diabetes caused by weight gain, if your weight has not increased significantly, but too much abdominal fat accumulation, so that you become the 'apple-type' body, then you happened the risk of type 2 diabetes is also than those who were 'pear-shaped' body of people. Therefore, the site of fat accumulation is also a risk factor for diabetes, weight reduction is equally important to you.
Movement. The researchers found that in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients between 30-50% of patients because of too small a result of sports, sports can significantly reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. And sport can also help you lose weight. In addition, a small amount of exercise a person risk of type 2 diabetes than those who exercise great 25% -40%. So, what kind of campaign more effective? The answer is no sport will be effective, such as walking, dancing, trim gardens, bowling and so has the effect of diabetes prevention, but as long as you adhere to the law of sport.
Diet. The study found that the following food to prevent type 2 diabetes have a role:
Cr. The study found that taking 200 mg of chromium a day can significantly reduce blood glucose levels. Chromium has delaying the occurrence of type 2 diabetes, but, chromium does not make patients with type 2 diabetes lower blood sugar levels to normal completely, and the role of chromium will be extended over time and gradually weakened.
Antioxidant food. The study found that antioxidant food, such as vitamin E, C more food can be slow the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and development. Fruits, vegetables can also reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, and this type of food and also to reduce the effect of the occurrence of cardiovascular disease.
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